Even the best helmets are not capable of protecting against all types of impacts. For maximum protection, they must be optimized for the type of impact expected.
In equestrian disciplines such as polo, duck and jumping, falls are usually on surfaces with more resilience than asphalt. However, there is also the possibility of falling on a hard surface, such as the boards in polo.
Helmets can be classified into two categories: single-use and multiple-impact.
Single-use hulls are mainly made of expanded polystyrene (EPS) due to the properties of this material.. EPS is strong, lightweight, easy to manufacture and has excellent absorption characteristics, but offers very little rebound. It recovers some of its thickness once crushed, but does not regain its protection. If it is not discarded after the first blow, there can be a nasty surprise if a second hard impact is received in the same place. Bicycle, motorcycle, skateboard and equestrian helmets often use EPS to manage impact energy.
Multi-impact helmets are made of expanded polypropylene (EPP).. EPP resembles EPS, but has a slightly rubbery feel. It recovers slowly after a blow and withstands more impacts. No one can say how many more hits it can take, but it is more than one. Its absorption and manufacturing characteristics are not as good as EPS, so the helmet may need to be thicker.
Multi-shock helmets are mainly made of butyl nitrate foam, a "soft" but dense foam that resists many impacts. It is usually black or gray. It is heavier than EPS and cannot handle as much impact energy for a given thickness. Field hockey and soccer helmets are manufactured this way.
The safety standards for equestrian sports are different for each discipline, although the laboratory tests are similar (ASTM, VG1, PAS015, NOCSAE, etc). At Falcon Polo, our polo helmets can also be used for Pato and endurance. They can also be used for show jumping, although the style of the helmet is different. Our helmets for turf and riding have a different treatment.
In conclusion, helmet requirements vary for different activities. Although technology has advanced enough to combine multi-impact and single-use helmets, it is suggested not to use a helmet for multiple sports unless you choose carefully. The key is to look closely at the certification labels to ensure that the helmet is approved for the sport(s) for which you want to use it. Thus, not just any riding helmet can be used for polo, nor can a bicycle or skate helmet be used for an equestrian sport.